关于统信免费版YUM软件源问题

关于统信免费版YUM软件源问题

最近想了解一下 UOS v20 ，因此通过官网下载了免费的 UFU 版，然后安装虚拟机进行测试。但执行 dnf/yum 更新时返回 401 错误无法完成。

其中，龙蜥版（uniontechos-server-20-1050a-amd64-UFU.iso）可以看到如下错误信息：

# dnf update
UniontechOS 20 AppStream                                                                                                                                                                                173  B/s | 172  B     00:00    
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'UniontechOS-20-AppStream':
  - Status code: 401 for https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/1050/AppStream/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml (IP: 61.54.25.98)
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'UniontechOS-20-AppStream': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried
UniontechOS 20 BaseOS                                                                                                                                                                                   186  B/s | 172  B     00:00    
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'UniontechOS-20-BaseOS':
  - Status code: 401 for https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/1050/BaseOS/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml (IP: 61.54.25.98)
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'UniontechOS-20-BaseOS': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried
UniontechOS 20 UFU                                                                                                                                                                                      190  B/s | 172  B     00:00    
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'UniontechOS-20-UFU':
  - Status code: 401 for https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/1050/UFU/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml (IP: 61.54.25.98)
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'UniontechOS-20-UFU': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried
Ignoring repositories: UniontechOS-20-AppStream, UniontechOS-20-BaseOS, UniontechOS-20-UFU
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!

而 欧拉版（uniontechos-server-20-1050e-amd64-UFU.iso）的错误信息则是：

# dnf update
UnionTechOS-Server-20-1050-UFU                                                                                                                                                                          184  B/s | 172  B     00:00    
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'UnionTechOS-Server-20-UFU':
  - Status code: 401 for https://euler-packages.chinauos.com/server-euler/fuyu/1050/UFU/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml (IP: 61.54.25.98)
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'UnionTechOS-Server-20-UFU': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried

根据上述信息，明显的均为相应的 baseurl 错误导致。但在执行测试前并未对文件做任何修改。因此检查相应的repo 文件，具体信息是：

龙蜥版：
# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
UniontechOS.repo

# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/UniontechOS.repo 
[UniontechOS-$releasever-AppStream]
name = UniontechOS $releasever AppStream
baseurl = https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/1050/AppStream/$basearch
enabled = 1
username=$auth_u
password=$auth_p
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-uos-release
gpgcheck = 0
skip_if_unavailable = 1

[UniontechOS-$releasever-BaseOS]
name = UniontechOS $releasever BaseOS
baseurl = https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/1050/BaseOS/$basearch
enabled = 1
username=$auth_u
password=$auth_p
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-uos-release
gpgcheck = 0
skip_if_unavailable = 1

[UniontechOS-$releasever-UFU]
name = UniontechOS $releasever UFU
baseurl = https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/1050/UFU/$basearch
enabled = 1
username=$auth_u
password=$auth_p
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-uos-release
gpgcheck = 0
skip_if_unavailable = 1

[UniontechOS-$releasever-PowerTools]
name = UniontechOS $releasever PowerTools
baseurl = https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/1050/PowerTools/$basearch
enabled = 0
username=$auth_u
password=$auth_p
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-uos-release
gpgcheck = 0
skip_if_unavailable = 1

[UniontechOS-$releasever-Plus]
name = UniontechOS $releasever Plus
baseurl = https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/1050/Plus/$basearch
enabled = 0
username=$auth_u
password=$auth_p
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-uos-release
gpgcheck = 0
skip_if_unavailable = 1

[UniontechOS-$releasever-Extras]
name = UniontechOS $releasever Extras
baseurl = https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/1050/Extras/$basearch
enabled = 0
username=$auth_u
password=$auth_p
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-uos-release
gpgcheck = 0
skip_if_unavailable = 1

[UniontechOS-$releasever-Update]
name = UniontechOS $releasever Update
baseurl = https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/1050/Update/$basearch
enabled = 0
username=$auth_u
password=$auth_p
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-uos-release
gpgcheck = 0
skip_if_unavailable = 1

[UniontechOS-$releasever-HA]
name = UniontechOS $releasever HighAvailability
baseurl = https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/1050/HighAvailability/$basearch
enabled = 0
username=$auth_u
password=$auth_p
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-uos-release
gpgcheck = 0
skip_if_unavailable = 1

[UniontechOS-$releasever-OpenStack-U]
name = UniontechOS $releasever OpenStack-Ussuri
baseurl = https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/1050/OpenStack-U/$basearch
enabled = 0
username=$auth_u
password=$auth_p
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-uos-release
gpgcheck = 0
skip_if_unavailable = 1

欧拉版：
# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
UnionTechOS-everything-x86_64.repo  UnionTechOS-modular-x86_64.repo  UnionTechOS-UFU-x86_64.repo  UnionTechOS-update-x86_64.repo  UnionTechOS-x86_64.repo

# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/UnionTechOS-UFU-x86_64.repo 
#Copyright (c) [2019] Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
#generic-repos is licensed under the Mulan PSL v1.
#You can use this software according to the terms and conditions of the Mulan PSL v1.
#You may obtain a copy of Mulan PSL v1 at:
#    http://license.coscl.org.cn/MulanPSL
#THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR
#IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FIT FOR A PARTICULAR
#PURPOSE.
#See the Mulan PSL v1 for more details.

[UnionTechOS-Server-20-UFU]
name=UnionTechOS-Server-20-$releasever-UFU
baseurl=https://euler-packages.chinauos.com/server-euler/fuyu/$releasever/UFU/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://euler-packages.chinauos.com/server-euler/fuyu/$releasever/UFU/$basearch/RPM-GPG-KEY-UnionTech
username=$auth_u
password=$auth_p



# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/UnionTechOS-x86_64.repo 
#Copyright (c) [2019] Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
#generic-repos is licensed under the Mulan PSL v1.
#You can use this software according to the terms and conditions of the Mulan PSL v1.
#You may obtain a copy of Mulan PSL v1 at:
#    http://license.coscl.org.cn/MulanPSL
#THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR
#IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FIT FOR A PARTICULAR
#PURPOSE.
#See the Mulan PSL v1 for more details.

[UnionTechOS-Server-20]
name=UnionTechOS-Server-20-$releasever
baseurl=https://euler-packages.chinauos.com/server-euler/fuyu/$releasever/OS/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://euler-packages.chinauos.com/server-euler/fuyu/$releasever/OS/$basearch/RPM-GPG-KEY-UnionTech
username=$auth_u
password=$auth_p

。。。。

直接尝试通过浏览器访问上述地址发现无法同样是 401 Authorization Required 。而且 龙蜥的相关地址均为 https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/*** ；欧拉的则为 https://euler-packages.chinauos.com/server-euler/fuyu/*** 。

简单搜索一下，发现官方论坛其实就是一个已知问题 https://bbs.chinauos.com/en/post/14401 。 在龙蜥版中测试提及的办法，确实需要安装 yum-utils ：

# rpm -ivh https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/ufu/kongzi/1050/Extras/x86_64/Packages/UnionTech-repos-ufu-1-2.uelc20.x86_64.rpm
Retrieving https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/ufu/kongzi/1050/Extras/x86_64/Packages/UnionTech-repos-ufu-1-2.uelc20.x86_64.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.0DMq1e: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 8df595ed: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	yum-utils is needed by UnionTech-repos-ufu-1-2.uelc20.x86_64

通过上述地址可以找到当前最新的 yum-utils 为 https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/ufu/kongzi/1050/BaseOS/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-4.0.21-11.uelc20.02.noarch.rpm ，发布时间为 07-Apr-2023 10:07；repo配置文件仍为 https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/ufu/kongzi/1050/Extras/x86_64/Packages/UnionTech-repos-ufu-1-2.uelc20.x86_64.rpm ，发布时间为 07-Apr-2023 18:30 。此时，直接安装上述最新版（截至 2023年5月28日）时ISO中相应的依赖软件包版本无法满足需求：

# rpm -ivh https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/ufu/kongzi/1050/Extras/x86_64/Packages/UnionTech-repos-ufu-1-2.uelc20.x86_64.rpm https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/ufu/kongzi/1050/BaseOS/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-4.0.21-11.uelc20.02.noarch.rpm
Retrieving https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/ufu/kongzi/1050/Extras/x86_64/Packages/UnionTech-repos-ufu-1-2.uelc20.x86_64.rpm
Retrieving https://enterprise-c-packages.chinauos.com/server-enterprise-c/ufu/kongzi/1050/BaseOS/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-4.0.21-11.uelc20.02.noarch.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.DYnYHL: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 8df595ed: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	dnf >= 4.7.0-6 is needed by yum-utils-4.0.21-11.uelc20.02.noarch
	dnf-plugins-core = 4.0.21-11.uelc20.02 is needed by yum-utils-4.0.21-11.uelc20.02.noarch
	python3-dnf >= 4.7.0-6 is needed by yum-utils-4.0.21-11.uelc20.02.noarch

而在欧拉版本中，经过尝试发现可以使用 rpm 进行更新 UnionTech-repos-1.0-3.6.UFU.02.x86_64.rpm 为 https://euler-packages.chinauos.com/server-euler/ufu/fuyu/1050/everything/x86_64/Packages/UnionTech-repos-ufu-1-2.uel20.x86_64.rpm 后可以正常执行 dnf 命令。

# rpm -ivh https://euler-packages.chinauos.com/server-euler/ufu/fuyu/1050/UFU/x86_64/Packages/UnionTech-repos-1.0-3.6.UFU.02.x86_64.rpm
Retrieving https://euler-packages.chinauos.com/server-euler/ufu/fuyu/1050/UFU/x86_64/Packages/UnionTech-repos-1.0-3.6.UFU.02.x86_64.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.afssOG: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 8df595ed: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
	package UnionTech-repos-1:1.0-3.6.UFU.02.x86_64 is already installed


# rpm -Uvh https://euler-packages.chinauos.com/server-euler/ufu/fuyu/1050/everything/x86_64/Packages/UnionTech-repos-ufu-1-2.uel20.x86_64.rpm
Retrieving https://euler-packages.chinauos.com/server-euler/ufu/fuyu/1050/everything/x86_64/Packages/UnionTech-repos-ufu-1-2.uel20.x86_64.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.3yJpS8: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 8df595ed: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:UnionTech-repos-ufu-1-2.uel20    ################################# [ 50%]
Cleaning up / removing...
   2:UnionTech-repos-1:1.0-3.6.UFU.02 ################################# [100%]

# dnf update
UnionTechOS 1050 OS                                                                                                                                                                                     1.8 MB/s | 5.3 MB     00:02    
UnionTechOS 1050 everything                                                                                                                                                                             1.7 MB/s |  26 MB     00:15    
UnionTechOS 1050 UFU                                                                                                                                                                                    119 kB/s |  30 kB     00:00    
Dependencies resolved.
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                     Architecture                       Version                                                                   Repository                                               Size
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 kernel                                                      x86_64                             4.19.90-2211.5.0.0178.22.uel20                                            UnionTechOS-1050-OS                                      47 M
Upgrading:
 NetworkManager                                              x86_64                             1:1.26.2-13.uel20                                                         UnionTechOS-1050-OS                                     2.0 M
 NetworkManager-config-server                                noarch                             1:1.26.2-13.uel20                                                         UnionTechOS-1050-OS                                     8.9 k
 NetworkManager-help                                         noarch                             1:1.26.2-13.uel20                                                         UnionTechOS-1050-OS                                     835 k
 NetworkManager-libnm                                        x86_64                             1:1.26.2-13.uel20                                                         UnionTechOS-1050-OS                                     1.6 M
 PackageKit                                                  x86_64                             1.1.12-10.up3.uel20                                                       UnionTechOS-1050-OS                                     566 k
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
 rpm-plugin-systemd-inhibit                                  x86_64                             4.15.1-43.uel20                                                           UnionTechOS-1050-OS                                      14 k

Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install   20 Packages
Upgrade  564 Packages

Total download size: 702 M
Is this ok [y/N]:

因此，对于龙蜥版可以直接备份后修改 repo文件。即将现有文件中的 **/server-enterprise-c/kongzi/** 替换为 **/server-enterprise-c/ufu/kongzi/** ，然后即可直接执行 dnf/yum 进行更新或安装额外软件包。而欧拉版则是 **/server-euler/fuyu/** 替换为 **/server-euler/ufu/fuyu/**。